What is Pile Reversal?
Also known as pooling or watermarking, pile reversal is a natural optical effect that happens when the carpet pile lies in different directions. Because light hits those fibres differently, it creates contrasting light and dark patches that look like stains, even when the carpet is clean.
It’s most common in cut-pile carpets, particularly those that are plush, dense, or expensive. And while it doesn’t affect the performance or lifespan of your carpet, it can be unclear.
Why We Flag It at the Quote Stage
When we visit your home to quote for carpet or rug cleaning, we always point out any pile reversal if we notice it. Clients often say, “Ohh, I never noticed that” or “I didn’t realise what that was.” And because it’s easier to see after cleaning (when the fibres are revived and refreshed), we find it’s better to explain it upfront.
That way, there are fewer questions later, and no one feels caught off guard.
That said, we’re only human. And occasionally, we might miss mentioning it. If that’s happened and your freshly cleaned carpet looks like it has more visible marks or patches than before, it could well be pile reversal, now made more noticeable by the clean pile.
This Article Is Here to Support You
Whether you’re reading this before a clean – or after – our goal is to help you understand what you’re seeing. And perhaps, to offer some reassurance.
You might be thinking, “They told me this might happen… but I need to see it in writing.” Or you’re choosing new carpets and want to avoid this happening again. Either way, this guide should help you understand what pile reversal is and how rugs can show it!
What Causes It?
Nobody knows precisely why pile reversal happens. Some theories involve foot traffic, floor temperature, air movement or static. Others believe it’s linked to manufacturing or fibre density. But the truth is – it can happen even in areas with little use.
We’ve seen pile reversal appear:
- Days after a new carpet was installed, years later, after heavy wear
- In quiet rooms with almost no traffic
- Does It Happen on Rugs Too?
While Pile reversal is far more common on carpets, we’ve also noticed it on dense, plush rugs, especially those with a deeper pile.
Just last week, I cleaned a beautiful, large Persian-style rug. Before the cleaning, I could already see some pooling in the pile. But after the cleaning? It looked even more apparent. I gave it another go, re-cleaned it to see if I could improve the visual effect. Not much changed. And it prompted me to write this piece.
Some of the most prone types include:
- Chinese 90 Line Super Wash rugs
- Dense wool rugs in high-traffic walkways
- Thick plush rugs where feet regularly turn or pivot
Can It Be Fixed?
Over the years, we’ve heard all sorts of claims – from miracle tools to specialist treatments. But as a team with over 20 years’ experience in both carpet and rug cleaning (and having installed thousands of carpets through our sister company, Art of Flooring), here’s our honest take:
No, it can’t be permanently fixed.
You can brush or steam the area to make it look more uniform for a day or two. But it almost always returns. And in most cases, trying to “fix” it is just throwing good money after bad.
Our advice? Learn to see it as part of the carpet’s character. A sign it’s real. It won’t harm the material, and it’s not something to be ashamed of. However, if it truly bothers you in the long term, your best move next time is to choose a loop pile or flat weave carpet instead.
Thinking Ahead
If you’re in the process of choosing a new carpet, and you want to reduce the risk of pile reversal:
- Avoid ultra-plush, deep-cut piles
- Be cautious with luxury velvets or very dense finishes.
- Talk to a specialist (we’re always happy to help)
And if you’re reading this after spotting new marks on a just-cleaned rug or carpet?
You’re not alone. It’s likely just the light playing tricks now that the fibres are fresh.
We’re always happy to discuss your concerns, whether you’re worried about what you see or just planning for a carpet that will stay looking good for years to come.
